economy

Americans' Financial Literacy Slumps to a 10-Year Low, New Study Finds

Americans' understanding of basic financial concepts has fallen to a 10-year low, raising concerns that households are becoming less prepared to manage debt, savings and retirement decisions, according to a new study from investment giant TIAA and Stanford University's Global Financial Literacy Excellence Center.

Americans' Financial Literacy Slumps to a 10-Year Low, New Study Finds

TL;DR

  • American adults correctly answered 47% of financial literacy questions in 2025, the lowest score in a decade.
  • The percentage of Americans with very low financial literacy has increased to 25% from 20% a decade ago.
  • Low financial literacy is associated with higher debt levels and greater difficulty making ends meet.
  • Women and younger adults (Gen Z) scored lower than men and older generations.
  • Potential reasons for the decline include misleading social media financial information, weaker overall literacy, and financial pressures on households.
  • Some economists argue that the complexity of the financial system, rather than solely consumer knowledge, is a significant factor.
  • Specific questions from the TIAA financial literacy test and the percentage of correct answers are provided.