health

Are GLP-1s Performance-Enhancing Drugs?

A weight-loss medication eased Serena Williams’s comeback. Experts can’t agree on whether that counts as doping.

Are GLP-1s Performance-Enhancing Drugs?

TL;DR

  • Serena Williams, a paid spokesperson for Ro, used GLP-1 medication, tirzepatide, to lose 34 pounds and improve her training and game.
  • Her return to tennis is one of the first opportunities to observe an elite athlete's performance after using GLP-1s, though results have been mixed.
  • Experts are divided on whether GLP-1s offer a performance advantage, with some citing potential benefits in weight-category sports and others questioning their impact on strength and drive.
  • The World Anti-Doping Agency is monitoring GLP-1 use but currently permits athletes to take them; however, they may be banned in the future.
  • Research on GLP-1s in elite athletes is limited, making it difficult to determine their true effects on performance, body composition, and potential side effects like muscle mass loss.
  • The 'spirit of sport' concept, emphasizing the ethical pursuit of human excellence through natural talents, is central to the discussion of whether GLP-1s violate fair competition.